The auditory analyser – is made up of a receptor (hair cells in the organ of Corti in the ear that convert auditory stimuli – vibrations of air molecules – into nerve impulses), an auditory afferent pathway (nerve fibres that conduct bioelectrical impulses to the cerebral cortex) and an auditory centre in the cerebral cortex (in the temporal lobe; speech sounds are generally processed in the left hemisphere of the brain). The analyser is used to receive auditory stimuli, including speech sounds, perceive them, and remember them. It participates in communication through speech. Together with the other analysers, it forms the neurophysiological basis of reading and writing processes. It plays a fundamental role in the learning of these activities due to its involvement in them:
- phonemic hearing, i.e. the ability to differentiate between sounds of speech by analysing speech sounds and distinguishing between them (e.g. the sounds z – s, which sound alike because they differ by only one distinctive feature: their sonority, hence the ability to distinguish words such as goat – goat);
- phonological skills in the operation of phonological particles such as phonemes, syllables, logos (particles of words that are not phonemes or syllables). These operations are: extracting sentences from a stream of statements, words from sentences, and syllables and syllables from words. It is also the reverse process, namely synthesising words from sounds, from syllables. It is also the addition, omission, rearrangement of particles, located at the end or beginning of words, which allow the recognition and creation of rhymes and alliterations;
Correct differentiation and recognition of speech sounds (phonemic hearing) and well-developed phonological skills (operations on sounds and syllables) are the basis for writing and reading new words and then combining them into sentences and text.
Sources:
- „Uczeń z dysleksją w szkole” M. Bogdanowicz, A. Adryjanek, Operon, Gdynia 2009
